The fiber optical splitter, also known as beam splitter, is optical fiber tandem device with many input terminals and many output terminals, especially applicable to a passive optical network to connect the MDF and the terminal equipment, achieving the branching of the optical signal.

PLC Splitter is a micro-optical element using photolithographic techniques to form optical waveguide at medium or semiconductor substrate for realizing branch distribution function Technical Index.

Fiber https://www.ylsocks.com/product/running-socks/ outdoor running socks wholesale Optic Splitter Features:
Single Mode, multimode, and PM fiber types;
Multiple port configurations, custom length and cable diameters;
Various splitting ratios, 50:50 to 1:99;
Tube type or Box type, PLC fiber optic splitters or Fused fiber optic splitters;
PC, UPC, and APC fibre optic connectors;
Available with FC, SC, ST, LC and MU connectors. To achieve this, waveguides are fabricated using lithography onto a silica glass substrate, which allows for routing specific percentages of light. Fiber optic splitter key parameters include the optical loss, splitting ratio, isolation, PDL, etc.

Types
According to the optical splitter principle, it can be divided into FBT Splitter (Fused Biconic Tapered) and PLC Splitter (Planar Lightwave Circuit). Since splitters contain no electronics nor require power, they are an integral component and widely used in most fiber optic networks. For example, a 1X4 LC type equal splitting ratio fiber optic splitter can split the fiber optic light signal into four equal 25% parts and sent to the 4 different channels, LC is the connector type on the splitters.

FBT Coupler, based on the traditional technology, making two (two or more) fibers removed the coating layer gather in a certain way, stretched to both sides under the heating zone at the same time. As a result, PLC splitters offer very accurate and even splits with minimal loss in an efficient package.

With the latest technology, PLC splitters offer a better solution for applications when larger split configurations (1x16, 1x32, 1x64, etc) are required. FBT splitters are widely accepted and used in passive networks, especially for instances where the split configuration is smaller (1x2, 1x4, etc).

Fiber optic splitters enable a signal on an optical fiber to be distributed among two or more fibers.

As the rapid growth of FTTx worldwide, the requirement of larger split configurations for these networks is increasing. Form a double cone’s special waveguide structure, finally for getting a different splitting ratio, via controlling length of the fiber torsion angle and stretch.

FBT Splitter Compared With PLC Splitter
FBT Coupler are mature technology types, it is low cost and easy to make, but fused fiber optic splitters optical loss are sensitive to wavelength and this is a big disadvantage. With the development of the technology, FBT splitters can be deployed in a cost- effective manner. Since the performance benefits and overall low cost of plc splitter, which serves mass subscribers, becomes the ideal solution for these types of applications currently. PLC fiber optic splitters are small size and wide working wavelength, which are more reliable and suitable to use in passive optical network fiber optic splitting.
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While an optical attenuator can simulate the optical loss of a long length of fiber, it cannot accurately simulate the dispersion that would be caused by a long length of fiber. This can happen when the transmitter delivers too much power such as when the transmitter is too close to the receiver.

Fixed value attenuator’s attenuation value cannot be varied.

Types of Attenuators

Two types of fiber optic attenuators exist: fixed value attenuators and variable attenuators. The operating wavelength for optical attenuators should be specified for the rated attenuation, because optical attenuation of a material varies with wavelength.

An important characteristic of a good fiber attenuator is that they should not reflect the light, instead, they should absorb the extra light without being damaged. It mates to regular connectors of the same type such as FC, ST, SC and LC. If the index of the external material can be changed with a controllable mean, through the effects such as thermo-optic, electro-optic, or acoustic-optic, a device with controllable attenuation is achievable. Attenuators typically have a working wavelength range in which they absorb the light energy equally. If a bulk external material, whose refractive index is greater than the mode effective index, replaces a part of the evanescent field reachable cladding, the mode can become leaky and some of the optical power can be radiated.

Why Do We Need Fiber Optic Attenuators?

A fiber optic attenuator, also called an optical attenuator, simulates the loss the would be caused by a long length of fiber.

Put it simply, for a fiber optic receiver, too much light can overload it and degrade the bit error ratio.

Fixed Value Attenuators

Fixed value attenuators have fixed values that are specified in decibels.

What Is a Fiber Attenuator and How Does It Work?

Attenuators are like your sunglasses, which absorbs the extra light energy and protect your eyes from being dazzled.

Other types of variable attenuators include air gap, clip-on, 3-step and more. Fiber optic attenuators fit the requirement perfectly.

For example, a -3dB attenuator should reduce intensity of the output by 3 dB(50%).

Variable Attenuators

Variable attenuators come with many different designs. In order to achieve the best bit error ratio (BER), the light power must be reduced. They are general used for testing and measurement, but they also have a wide usage in EDFAs for equalizing the light power among different channels. Since the light power used in fiber optic communications are fairly low, they usually can be absorbed without noticeable damage to the attenuator itself. Typically, this device performs receiver testing. In-line type looks like a plain fiber patch cable; it has a fiber cable terminated with two connectors which you can specify types.

Fixed value attenuators are composed of two big groups: In-line type and connector type.

Connector type attenuator looks like a https://www.ylsocks.com/product/toe-socks/ Toe Socks Manufacturers bulk head fiber connector, it has a male end and a female end.

One type of variable attenuator is built on a D-shaped fiber as a type of evanescent field device. The attenuation is expressed in dB. Their applications include telecommunication networks, optical fiber test facility, Local Area Network(LAN) and CATV systems.
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